Précisions de la Cour de cassation sur l'exécution des sentences arbitrales - RDE 07315
Auteur | Legal News |
Par deux arrêts rendus le 4 juillet 2007, la première chambre civile de la Cour de cassation rappelle que les décisions rendues en matière d'arbitrage sont exclues du champ d'application de la Convention de Lugano et ne sont donc susceptibles ni de bénéficier du système de reconnaissance simplifié mis en place par la Convention ni de faire obstacle à la reconnaissance de décisions rendues dans un autre Etat membre. Dans la seconde espèce, qui concerne les mêmes sociétés, la Haute juridiction rappelle qu'aux termes de l'article 28 du règlement d'arbitrage de la CCI, toute sentence arbitrale a un caractère obligatoire pour les parties qui s'engagent à l'exécuter et sont réputées avoir renoncé à toutes voies de recours auxquelles elles peuvent valablement renoncer. En l'espèce, la cour d'appel retient à juste titre que ce texte ne prévoit pas que la sentence arbitrale soit exécutoire par provision ou de droit ; par conséquent, l'engagement d'exécuter la sentence n'avait pas pour effet de conférer à la sentence arbitrale la valeur d'une décision exécutoire de plein droit ni de priver les parties d'un recours en annulation, toujours possible même lorsque le règlement d'arbitrage l'exclut, contre la sentence arbitrale rendue en France. L'exécution provisoire n'ayant pas été ordonnée par le tribunal arbitral, le recours formé était suspensif d'exécution sauf si la décision était exécutoire de droit.
Références :
- Cour de cassation, 1re chambre civile, 4 juillet 2007 (pourvois joints nº 05-16.586 et 05-16.605, arrêt nº 865) - société de droit...
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